v10.10.2024.0601 优化Json序列化,支持DateOnly/TimeOnly,支持带时区的时间序列化
石头 编写于 2024-06-01 08:10:50
X
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Reflection;
using NewLife;

namespace System;

/// <summary>工具类</summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 文档 https://newlifex.com/core/utility
/// 
/// 采用静态架构,允许外部重载工具类的各种实现<seealso cref="DefaultConvert"/>。
/// 所有类型转换均支持默认值,默认值为该default(T),在转换失败时返回默认值。
/// </remarks>
public static class Utility
{
    #region 类型转换
    /// <summary>类型转换提供者</summary>
    /// <remarks>重载默认提供者<seealso cref="DefaultConvert"/>并赋值给<see cref="Convert"/>可改变所有类型转换的行为</remarks>
    public static DefaultConvert Convert { get; set; } = new DefaultConvert();

    /// <summary>转为整数,转换失败时返回默认值。支持字符串、全角、字节数组(小端)、时间(Unix秒不转UTC)</summary>
    /// <remarks>Int16/UInt32/Int64等,可以先转为最常用的Int32后再二次处理</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Int32 ToInt(this Object? value, Int32 defaultValue = 0) => Convert.ToInt(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>转为长整数,转换失败时返回默认值。支持字符串、全角、字节数组(小端)、时间(Unix毫秒不转UTC)</summary>
    /// <remarks></remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Int64 ToLong(this Object? value, Int64 defaultValue = 0) => Convert.ToLong(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>转为浮点数,转换失败时返回默认值。支持字符串、全角、字节数组(小端)</summary>
    /// <remarks>Single可以先转为最常用的Double后再二次处理</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Double ToDouble(this Object? value, Double defaultValue = 0) => Convert.ToDouble(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>转为高精度浮点数,转换失败时返回默认值。支持字符串、全角、字节数组(小端)</summary>
    /// <remarks>Single可以先转为最常用的Double后再二次处理</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Decimal ToDecimal(this Object? value, Decimal defaultValue = 0) => Convert.ToDecimal(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>转为布尔型,转换失败时返回默认值。支持大小写True/False、0和非零</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Boolean ToBoolean(this Object? value, Boolean defaultValue = false) => Convert.ToBoolean(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>转为时间日期,转换失败时返回最小时间。支持字符串、整数(Unix秒不考虑UTC转本地)</summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// 整数转时间日期时,取1970-01-01加上指定秒数,不考虑UTC时间和本地时间。
    /// 长整数转时间日期时,取1970-01-01加上指定毫秒数,不考虑UTC时间和本地时间。
    /// 在网络中传输时间日期时,特别是物联网设备到云平台的通信,一般取客户端本地UTC时间,转为长整型传输,服务端再转为本地时间。
    /// 因为设备和服务端可能不在同一时区,甚至多个设备也没有处于同一个时区。
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTime ToDateTime(this Object? value) => Convert.ToDateTime(value, DateTime.MinValue);

    /// <summary>转为时间日期,转换失败时返回默认值。支持字符串、整数(Unix秒不考虑UTC转本地)</summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// 整数转时间日期时,取1970-01-01加上指定秒数,不考虑UTC时间和本地时间。
    /// 长整数转时间日期时,取1970-01-01加上指定毫秒数,不考虑UTC时间和本地时间。
    /// 在网络中传输时间日期时,特别是物联网设备到云平台的通信,一般取客户端本地UTC时间,转为长整型传输,服务端再转为本地时间。
    /// 因为设备和服务端可能不在同一时区,甚至多个设备也没有处于同一个时区。
    /// 
    /// <see cref="DateTime.MinValue"/>不是常量无法做默认值。
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTime ToDateTime(this Object? value, DateTime defaultValue) => Convert.ToDateTime(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>转为时间日期,转换失败时返回最小时间。支持字符串、整数(Unix秒)</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTimeOffset ToDateTimeOffset(this Object? value) => Convert.ToDateTimeOffset(value, DateTimeOffset.MinValue);

    /// <summary>转为时间日期,转换失败时返回默认值</summary>
    /// <remarks><see cref="DateTimeOffset.MinValue"/>不是常量无法做默认值</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTimeOffset ToDateTimeOffset(this Object? value, DateTimeOffset defaultValue) => Convert.ToDateTimeOffset(value, defaultValue);

    /// <summary>去掉时间日期秒后面部分,可指定毫秒ms、分m、小时h</summary>
    /// <param name="value">时间日期</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式字符串,默认s格式化到秒,ms格式化到毫秒</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTime Trim(this DateTime value, String format = "s") => Convert.Trim(value, format);

    /// <summary>去掉时间日期秒后面部分,可指定毫秒</summary>
    /// <param name="value">时间日期</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式字符串,默认s格式化到秒,ms格式化到毫秒</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTimeOffset Trim(this DateTimeOffset value, String format = "s") => new(Convert.Trim(value.DateTime, format), value.Offset);

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss完整字符串,对UTC时间加后缀</summary>
    /// <remarks>最常用的时间日期格式,可以无视各平台以及系统自定义的时间格式</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToFullString(this DateTime value) => Convert.ToFullString(value, false);

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss完整字符串,支持指定最小时间的字符串</summary>
    /// <remarks>最常用的时间日期格式,可以无视各平台以及系统自定义的时间格式</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时(DateTime.MinValue)显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToFullString(this DateTime value, String? emptyValue = null) => Convert.ToFullString(value, false, emptyValue);

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff完整字符串,支持指定最小时间的字符串</summary>
    /// <remarks>最常用的时间日期格式,可以无视各平台以及系统自定义的时间格式</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="useMillisecond">是否使用毫秒</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时(DateTime.MinValue)显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToFullString(this DateTime value, Boolean useMillisecond, String? emptyValue = null) => Convert.ToFullString(value, useMillisecond, emptyValue);

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss +08:00完整字符串,支持指定最小时间的字符串</summary>
    /// <remarks>最常用的时间日期格式,可以无视各平台以及系统自定义的时间格式</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时(DateTimeOffset.MinValue)显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToFullString(this DateTimeOffset value, String? emptyValue = null) => Convert.ToFullString(value, false, emptyValue);

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff +08:00完整字符串,支持指定最小时间的字符串</summary>
    /// <remarks>最常用的时间日期格式,可以无视各平台以及系统自定义的时间格式</remarks>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="useMillisecond">是否使用毫秒</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时(DateTimeOffset.MinValue)显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToFullString(this DateTimeOffset value, Boolean useMillisecond, String? emptyValue = null) => Convert.ToFullString(value, useMillisecond, emptyValue);

    /// <summary>时间日期转为指定格式字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式化字符串</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToString(this DateTime value, String format, String emptyValue) => Convert.ToString(value, format, emptyValue);

    /// <summary>字节单位字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">数值</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式化字符串</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToGMK(this UInt64 value, String? format = null) => Convert.ToGMK(value, format);

    /// <summary>字节单位字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">数值</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式化字符串</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String ToGMK(this Int64 value, String? format = null) => value < 0 ? value + "" : Convert.ToGMK((UInt64)value, format);
    #endregion

    #region 异常处理
    /// <summary>获取内部真实异常</summary>
    /// <param name="ex"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Exception GetTrue(this Exception ex) => Convert.GetTrue(ex);

    /// <summary>获取异常消息</summary>
    /// <param name="ex">异常</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static String GetMessage(this Exception ex) => Convert.GetMessage(ex);
    #endregion
}

/// <summary>默认转换</summary>
[EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Advanced)]
public class DefaultConvert
{
    private static readonly DateTime _dt1970 = new(1970, 1, 1);
    private static readonly DateTimeOffset _dto1970 = new(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));
    private static readonly Int64 _maxSeconds = (Int64)(DateTime.MaxValue - DateTime.MinValue).TotalSeconds;
    private static readonly Int64 _maxMilliseconds = (Int64)(DateTime.MaxValue - DateTime.MinValue).TotalMilliseconds;

    /// <summary>转为整数,转换失败时返回默认值。支持字符串、全角、字节数组(小端)、时间(Unix秒)</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual Int32 ToInt(Object? value, Int32 defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is Int32 num) return num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            // 拷贝而来的逗号分隔整数
            str = str.Replace(",", null);
            str = ToDBC(str).Trim();
            return str.IsNullOrEmpty() ? defaultValue : Int32.TryParse(str, out var n) ? n : defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理时间,转Unix秒
#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
        if (value is DateOnly date) value = date.ToDateTime(TimeOnly.MinValue);
#endif
        if (value is DateTime dt)
        {
            if (dt == DateTime.MinValue) return 0;
            if (dt == DateTime.MaxValue) return -1;

            //// 先转UTC时间再相减,以得到绝对时间差
            //return (Int32)(dt.ToUniversalTime() - _dt1970).TotalSeconds;
            // 保存时间日期由Int32改为UInt32,原截止2038年的范围扩大到2106年
            var n = (dt - _dt1970).TotalSeconds;
            return n >= Int32.MaxValue ? throw new InvalidDataException("Time too long, value exceeds Int32.MaxValue") : (Int32)n;
        }
        if (value is DateTimeOffset dto)
        {
            if (dto == DateTimeOffset.MinValue) return 0;

            //return (Int32)(dto - _dto1970).TotalSeconds;
            var n = (dto - _dto1970).TotalSeconds;
            return n >= Int32.MaxValue ? throw new InvalidDataException("Time too long, value exceeds Int32.MaxValue") : (Int32)n;
        }

        if (value is Byte[] buf)
        {
            if (buf == null || buf.Length <= 0) return defaultValue;

            switch (buf.Length)
            {
                case 1:
                    return buf[0];
                case 2:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt16(buf, 0);
                case 3:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32([buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], 0], 0);
                case 4:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(buf, 0);
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        try
        {
            return Convert.ToInt32(value);
        }
        catch { return defaultValue; }
    }

    /// <summary>转为长整数。支持字符串、全角、字节数组(小端)、时间(Unix毫秒)</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual Int64 ToLong(Object? value, Int64 defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is Int64 num) return num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            // 拷贝而来的逗号分隔整数
            str = str.Replace(",", null);
            str = ToDBC(str).Trim();
            return str.IsNullOrEmpty() ? defaultValue : Int64.TryParse(str, out var n) ? n : defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理时间,转Unix毫秒
#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
        if (value is DateOnly date) value = date.ToDateTime(TimeOnly.MinValue);
#endif
        if (value is DateTime dt)
        {
            if (dt == DateTime.MinValue) return 0;

            //// 先转UTC时间再相减,以得到绝对时间差
            //return (Int32)(dt.ToUniversalTime() - _dt1970).TotalSeconds;
            return (Int64)(dt - _dt1970).TotalMilliseconds;
        }
        if (value is DateTimeOffset dto)
        {
            return dto == DateTimeOffset.MinValue ? 0 : (Int64)(dto - _dto1970).TotalMilliseconds;
        }

        if (value is Byte[] buf)
        {
            if (buf == null || buf.Length <= 0) return defaultValue;

            switch (buf.Length)
            {
                case 1:
                    return buf[0];
                case 2:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt16(buf, 0);
                case 3:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32([buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], 0], 0);
                case 4:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(buf, 0);
                case 8:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt64(buf, 0);
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        //暂时不做处理  先处理异常转换
        try
        {
            return Convert.ToInt64(value);
        }
        catch { return defaultValue; }
    }

    /// <summary>转为浮点数</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual Double ToDouble(Object? value, Double defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is Double num) return Double.IsNaN(num) ? defaultValue : num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            str = ToDBC(str).Trim();
            return str.IsNullOrEmpty() ? defaultValue : Double.TryParse(str, out var n) ? n : defaultValue;
        }

        if (value is Byte[] buf && buf.Length <= 8)
            return BitConverter.ToDouble(buf, 0);

        try
        {
            return Convert.ToDouble(value);
        }
        catch { return defaultValue; }
    }

    /// <summary>转为高精度浮点数</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual Decimal ToDecimal(Object? value, Decimal defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is Decimal num) return num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            str = ToDBC(str).Trim();
            return str.IsNullOrEmpty() ? defaultValue : Decimal.TryParse(str, out var n) ? n : defaultValue;
        }

        if (value is Byte[] buf)
        {
            if (buf == null || buf.Length <= 0) return defaultValue;

            switch (buf.Length)
            {
                case 1:
                    return buf[0];
                case 2:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt16(buf, 0);
                case 3:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32([buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], 0], 0);
                case 4:
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(buf, 0);
                default:
                    // 凑够8字节
                    if (buf.Length < 8)
                    {
                        var bts = new Byte[8];
                        Buffer.BlockCopy(buf, 0, bts, 0, buf.Length);
                        buf = bts;
                    }
                    return BitConverter.ToDouble(buf, 0).ToDecimal();
            }
        }

        if (value is Double d)
        {
            return Double.IsNaN(d) ? defaultValue : (Decimal)d;
        }

        try
        {
            return Convert.ToDecimal(value);
        }
        catch { return defaultValue; }
    }

    /// <summary>转为布尔型。支持大小写True/False、0和非零</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual Boolean ToBoolean(Object? value, Boolean defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is Boolean num) return num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            //str = ToDBC(str).Trim();
            str = str.Trim();
            if (str.IsNullOrEmpty()) return defaultValue;

            if (Boolean.TryParse(str, out var b)) return b;

            if (String.Equals(str, Boolean.TrueString, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) return true;
            if (String.Equals(str, Boolean.FalseString, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) return false;

            // 特殊处理用数字0和1表示布尔型
            str = ToDBC(str);
            return Int32.TryParse(str, out var n) ? n > 0 : defaultValue;
        }

        try
        {
            return Convert.ToBoolean(value);
        }
        catch { return defaultValue; }
    }

    /// <summary>转为时间日期,转换失败时返回最小时间。支持字符串、整数(Unix秒)</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    /// 整数(Unix秒)转换后不包含时区信息,需要调用.ToLocalTime()来转换为当前时区时间
    /// </remarks>
    public virtual DateTime ToDateTime(Object? value, DateTime defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is DateTime num) return num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            //str = ToDBC(str).Trim();
            str = str.Trim();
            if (str.IsNullOrEmpty()) return defaultValue;

            // 处理UTC
            var utc = false;
            if (str.EndsWithIgnoreCase(" UTC"))
            {
                utc = true;
                str = str[0..^4];
            }

            if (!DateTime.TryParse(str, out var dt) &&
                !(str.Contains('-') && DateTime.TryParseExact(str, "yyyy-M-d", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt)) &&
                !(str.Contains('/') && DateTime.TryParseExact(str, "yyyy/M/d", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt)) &&
                !DateTime.TryParseExact(str, "yyyyMMddHHmmss", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt) &&
                !DateTime.TryParseExact(str, "yyyyMMdd", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt) &&
                !DateTime.TryParse(str, out dt))
            {
                dt = defaultValue;
            }

            // 处理UTC
            if (utc) dt = new DateTime(dt.Ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc);

            return dt;
        }

        // 特殊处理整数,Unix秒,绝对时间差,不考虑UTC时间和本地时间。
        if (value is Int32 k)
        {
            return k >= _maxSeconds || k <= -_maxSeconds ? defaultValue : _dt1970.AddSeconds(k);
        }
        if (value is Int64 m)
        {
            return m >= _maxMilliseconds || m <= -_maxMilliseconds
                ? defaultValue
                : m > 100 * 365 * 24 * 3600L ? _dt1970.AddMilliseconds(m) : _dt1970.AddSeconds(m);
        }

        try
        {
            return Convert.ToDateTime(value);
        }
        catch
        {
            return defaultValue;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>转为时间日期,转换失败时返回最小时间。支持字符串、整数(Unix秒)</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="defaultValue">默认值。待转换对象无效时使用</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual DateTimeOffset ToDateTimeOffset(Object? value, DateTimeOffset defaultValue)
    {
        if (value is DateTimeOffset num) return num;
        if (value == null || value == DBNull.Value) return defaultValue;

#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
        if (value is DateOnly date) value = date.ToDateTime(TimeOnly.MinValue);
#endif
        if (value is DateTime dateTime) return dateTime;

        // 支持表单提交的StringValues
        if (value is IList<String> list)
        {
            if (list.Count == 0) return defaultValue;
            value = list.FirstOrDefault(e => !e.IsNullOrEmpty());
            if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理字符串,也是最常见的
        if (value is String str)
        {
            str = str.Trim();
            if (str.IsNullOrEmpty()) return defaultValue;

            if (DateTimeOffset.TryParse(str, out var dt)) return dt;
            return str.Contains('-') && DateTimeOffset.TryParseExact(str, "yyyy-M-d", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt)
                ? dt
                : str.Contains('/') && DateTimeOffset.TryParseExact(str, "yyyy/M/d", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt)
                ? dt
                : DateTimeOffset.TryParseExact(str, "yyyyMMddHHmmss", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt)
                ? dt
                : DateTimeOffset.TryParseExact(str, "yyyyMMdd", null, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt) ? dt : defaultValue;
        }

        // 特殊处理整数,Unix秒,绝对时间差,不考虑UTC时间和本地时间。
        if (value is Int32 k)
        {
            return k >= _maxSeconds || k <= -_maxSeconds ? defaultValue : _dto1970.AddSeconds(k);
        }
        if (value is Int64 m)
        {
            return m >= _maxMilliseconds || m <= -_maxMilliseconds
                ? defaultValue
                : m > 100 * 365 * 24 * 3600L ? _dto1970.AddMilliseconds(m) : _dto1970.AddSeconds(m);
        }

        try
        {
            return Convert.ToDateTime(value);
        }
        catch
        {
            return defaultValue;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>全角为半角</summary>
    /// <remarks>全角半角的关系是相差0xFEE0</remarks>
    /// <param name="str"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static String ToDBC(String str)
    {
        var ch = str.ToCharArray();
        for (var i = 0; i < ch.Length; i++)
        {
            // 全角空格
            if (ch[i] == 0x3000)
                ch[i] = (Char)0x20;
            else if (ch[i] is > (Char)0xFF00 and < (Char)0xFF5F)
                ch[i] = (Char)(ch[i] - 0xFEE0);
        }
        return new String(ch);
    }

    /// <summary>去掉时间日期秒后面部分,可指定毫秒ms、分m、小时h</summary>
    /// <param name="value">时间日期</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式字符串,默认s格式化到秒,ms格式化到毫秒</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual DateTime Trim(DateTime value, String format)
    {
        return format switch
        {
#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
            "us" => new DateTime(value.Year, value.Month, value.Day, value.Hour, value.Minute, value.Second, value.Millisecond, value.Microsecond, value.Kind),
#endif
            "ms" => new DateTime(value.Year, value.Month, value.Day, value.Hour, value.Minute, value.Second, value.Millisecond, value.Kind),
            "s" => new DateTime(value.Year, value.Month, value.Day, value.Hour, value.Minute, value.Second, value.Kind),
            "m" => new DateTime(value.Year, value.Month, value.Day, value.Hour, value.Minute, 0, value.Kind),
            "h" => new DateTime(value.Year, value.Month, value.Day, value.Hour, 0, 0, value.Kind),
            _ => value,
        };
    }

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss完整字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="useMillisecond">是否使用毫秒</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual String ToFullString(DateTime value, Boolean useMillisecond, String? emptyValue = null)
    {
        if (emptyValue != null && value <= DateTime.MinValue) return emptyValue;

        //return value.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

        //var dt = value;
        //var sb = new StringBuilder();
        //sb.Append(dt.Year.ToString().PadLeft(4, '0'));
        //sb.Append("-");
        //sb.Append(dt.Month.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0'));
        //sb.Append("-");
        //sb.Append(dt.Day.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0'));
        //sb.Append(" ");

        //sb.Append(dt.Hour.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0'));
        //sb.Append(":");
        //sb.Append(dt.Minute.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0'));
        //sb.Append(":");
        //sb.Append(dt.Second.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0'));

        //return sb.ToString();

        var cs = useMillisecond ?
            "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff".ToCharArray() :
            "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss".ToCharArray();

        var k = 0;
        var y = value.Year;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (y / 1000));
        y %= 1000;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (y / 100));
        y %= 100;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (y / 10));
        y %= 10;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + y);
        k++;

        var m = value.Month;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Day;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Hour;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Minute;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Second;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));

        if (useMillisecond)
        {
            k++;
            m = value.Millisecond;
            cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 100));
            cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 100 / 10));
            cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        }

        var str = new String(cs);

        // 此格式不受其它工具识别只存不包含时区的格式
        // 取出后,业务上存的是utc取出来再当utc即可
        //if (value.Kind == DateTimeKind.Utc) str += " UTC";

        return str;
    }

    /// <summary>时间日期转为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss完整字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="useMillisecond">是否使用毫秒</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual String ToFullString(DateTimeOffset value, Boolean useMillisecond, String? emptyValue = null)
    {
        if (emptyValue != null && value <= DateTimeOffset.MinValue) return emptyValue;

        //var cs = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss +08:00".ToCharArray();
        var cs = useMillisecond ?
            "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff +08:00".ToCharArray() :
            "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss +08:00".ToCharArray();

        var k = 0;
        var y = value.Year;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (y / 1000));
        y %= 1000;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (y / 100));
        y %= 100;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (y / 10));
        y %= 10;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + y);
        k++;

        var m = value.Month;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Day;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Hour;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Minute;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        m = value.Second;
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;

        if (useMillisecond)
        {
            m = value.Millisecond;
            cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 100));
            cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 100 / 10));
            cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
            k++;
        }

        // 时区
        var offset = value.Offset;
        cs[k++] = offset.TotalSeconds >= 0 ? '+' : '-';
        m = Math.Abs(offset.Hours);
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));
        k++;
        m = Math.Abs(offset.Minutes);
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m / 10));
        cs[k++] = (Char)('0' + (m % 10));

        return new String(cs);
    }

    /// <summary>时间日期转为指定格式字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">待转换对象</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式化字符串</param>
    /// <param name="emptyValue">字符串空值时显示的字符串,null表示原样显示最小时间,String.Empty表示不显示</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual String ToString(DateTime value, String format, String emptyValue)
    {
        if (emptyValue != null && value <= DateTime.MinValue) return emptyValue;

        //return value.ToString(format ?? "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

        return format.IsNullOrEmpty() || format == "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" ? ToFullString(value, false, emptyValue) : value.ToString(format);
    }

    /// <summary>获取内部真实异常</summary>
    /// <param name="ex"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual Exception GetTrue(Exception ex)
    {
        return ex is AggregateException agg && agg.InnerException != null
            ? GetTrue(agg.InnerException)
            : ex is TargetInvocationException tie && tie.InnerException != null
            ? GetTrue(tie.InnerException)
            : ex is TypeInitializationException te && te.InnerException != null
            ? GetTrue(te.InnerException)
            : ex.GetBaseException()
            ?? ex;
    }

    /// <summary>获取异常消息</summary>
    /// <param name="ex">异常</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual String GetMessage(Exception ex)
    {
        var msg = ex + "";
        if (msg.IsNullOrEmpty()) return ex.Message;

        var ss = msg.Split(Environment.NewLine);
        var ns = ss.Where(e =>
        !e.StartsWith("---") &&
        !e.Contains("System.Runtime.ExceptionServices") &&
        !e.Contains("System.Runtime.CompilerServices"));

        msg = ns.Join(Environment.NewLine);

        return msg;
    }

    /// <summary>字节单位字符串</summary>
    /// <param name="value">数值</param>
    /// <param name="format">格式化字符串</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual String ToGMK(UInt64 value, String? format = null)
    {
        if (value < 1024) return $"{value:n0}";

        if (format.IsNullOrEmpty()) format = "n2";

        var val = value / 1024d;
        if (val < 1024) return val.ToString(format) + "K";

        val /= 1024;
        if (val < 1024) return val.ToString(format) + "M";

        val /= 1024;
        if (val < 1024) return val.ToString(format) + "G";

        val /= 1024;
        if (val < 1024) return val.ToString(format) + "T";

        val /= 1024;
        if (val < 1024) return val.ToString(format) + "P";

        val /= 1024;
        return val.ToString(format) + "E";
    }
}