using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using NewLife.Log;
using NewLife.Security;
namespace NewLife.Caching
{
/// <summary>缓存</summary>
public abstract class Cache : DisposeBase, ICache
{
#region 静态默认实现
/// <summary>默认缓存</summary>
public static ICache Default { get; set; } = new MemoryCache();
#endregion
#region 属性
/// <summary>名称</summary>
public String Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>默认缓存时间。默认0秒表示不过期</summary>
public Int32 Expire { get; set; }
/// <summary>获取和设置缓存，永不过期</summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Object this[String key] { get { return Get<Object>(key); } set { Set(key, value); } }
/// <summary>缓存个数</summary>
public abstract Int32 Count { get; }
/// <summary>所有键</summary>
public abstract ICollection<String> Keys { get; }
#endregion
#region 构造
/// <summary>构造函数</summary>
public Cache() => Name = GetType().Name.TrimEnd("Cache");
#endregion
#region 基础操作
/// <summary>初始化配置</summary>
/// <param name="config"></param>
public virtual void Init(String config) { }
/// <summary>是否包含缓存项</summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract Boolean ContainsKey(String key);
/// <summary>设置缓存项</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <param name="expire">过期时间，秒。小于0时采用默认缓存时间<seealso cref="Expire"/></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract Boolean Set<T>(String key, T value, Int32 expire = -1);
/// <summary>设置缓存项</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <param name="expire">过期时间</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Boolean Set<T>(String key, T value, TimeSpan expire) => Set(key, value, (Int32)expire.TotalSeconds);
/// <summary>获取缓存项</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract T Get<T>(String key);
/// <summary>批量移除缓存项</summary>
/// <param name="keys">键集合</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract Int32 Remove(params String[] keys);
/// <summary>清空所有缓存项</summary>
public virtual void Clear() => throw new NotSupportedException();
/// <summary>设置缓存项有效期</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="expire">过期时间，秒</param>
public abstract Boolean SetExpire(String key, TimeSpan expire);
/// <summary>获取缓存项有效期</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract TimeSpan GetExpire(String key);
#endregion
#region 集合操作
/// <summary>批量获取缓存项</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="keys"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual IDictionary<String, T> GetAll<T>(IEnumerable<String> keys)
{
var dic = new Dictionary<String, T>();
foreach (var key in keys)
{
dic[key] = Get<T>(key);
}
return dic;
}
/// <summary>批量设置缓存项</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="values"></param>
/// <param name="expire">过期时间，秒。小于0时采用默认缓存时间<seealso cref="Expire"/></param>
public virtual void SetAll<T>(IDictionary<String, T> values, Int32 expire = -1)
{
foreach (var item in values)
{
Set(item.Key, item.Value, expire);
}
}
/// <summary>获取列表</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">元素类型</typeparam>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual IList<T> GetList<T>(String key) => throw new NotSupportedException();
/// <summary>获取哈希</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">元素类型</typeparam>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual IDictionary<String, T> GetDictionary<T>(String key) => throw new NotSupportedException();
/// <summary>获取队列</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">元素类型</typeparam>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual IProducerConsumer<T> GetQueue<T>(String key) => throw new NotSupportedException();
/// <summary>获取Set</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual ICollection<T> GetSet<T>(String key) => throw new NotSupportedException();
#endregion
#region 高级操作
/// <summary>添加，已存在时不更新</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">值类型</typeparam>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <param name="expire">过期时间，秒。小于0时采用默认缓存时间<seealso cref="Cache.Expire"/></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Boolean Add<T>(String key, T value, Int32 expire = -1)
{
if (ContainsKey(key)) return false;
return Set(key, value, expire);
}
/// <summary>设置新值并获取旧值，原子操作</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">值类型</typeparam>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual T Replace<T>(String key, T value)
{
var rs = Get<T>(key);
Set(key, value);
return rs;
}
/// <summary>累加，原子操作</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">变化量</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Int64 Increment(String key, Int64 value)
{
lock (this)
{
var v = Get<Int64>(key);
v += value;
Set(key, v);
return v;
}
}
/// <summary>累加，原子操作</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">变化量</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Double Increment(String key, Double value)
{
lock (this)
{
var v = Get<Double>(key);
v += value;
Set(key, v);
return v;
}
}
/// <summary>递减，原子操作</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">变化量</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Int64 Decrement(String key, Int64 value)
{
lock (this)
{
var v = Get<Int64>(key);
v -= value;
Set(key, v);
return v;
}
}
/// <summary>递减，原子操作</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="value">变化量</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Double Decrement(String key, Double value)
{
lock (this)
{
var v = Get<Double>(key);
v -= value;
Set(key, v);
return v;
}
}
#endregion
#region 事务
/// <summary>提交变更。部分提供者需要刷盘</summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual Int32 Commit() => 0;
/// <summary>申请分布式锁</summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="msTimeout"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public IDisposable AcquireLock(String key, Int32 msTimeout)
{
var rlock = new CacheLock(this, key);
if (!rlock.Acquire(msTimeout)) throw new InvalidOperationException($"锁定[{key}]失败！msTimeout={msTimeout}");
return rlock;
}
#endregion
#region 性能测试
/// <summary>多线程性能测试</summary>
/// <param name="rand">随机读写</param>
/// <param name="batch">批量操作。默认0不分批</param>
/// <remarks>
/// Memory性能测试[顺序]，逻辑处理器 32 个 2,000MHz Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2640 v2 @ 2.00GHz
///
/// 测试 10,000,000 项， 1 线程
/// 赋值 10,000,000 项， 1 线程，耗时 3,764ms 速度 2,656,748 ops
/// 读取 10,000,000 项， 1 线程，耗时 1,296ms 速度 7,716,049 ops
/// 删除 10,000,000 项， 1 线程，耗时 1,230ms 速度 8,130,081 ops
///
/// 测试 20,000,000 项， 2 线程
/// 赋值 20,000,000 项， 2 线程，耗时 3,088ms 速度 6,476,683 ops
/// 读取 20,000,000 项， 2 线程，耗时 1,051ms 速度 19,029,495 ops
/// 删除 20,000,000 项， 2 线程，耗时 1,011ms 速度 19,782,393 ops
///
/// 测试 40,000,000 项， 4 线程
/// 赋值 40,000,000 项， 4 线程，耗时 3,060ms 速度 13,071,895 ops
/// 读取 40,000,000 项， 4 线程，耗时 1,023ms 速度 39,100,684 ops
/// 删除 40,000,000 项， 4 线程，耗时 994ms 速度 40,241,448 ops
///
/// 测试 80,000,000 项， 8 线程
/// 赋值 80,000,000 项， 8 线程，耗时 3,124ms 速度 25,608,194 ops
/// 读取 80,000,000 项， 8 线程，耗时 1,171ms 速度 68,317,677 ops
/// 删除 80,000,000 项， 8 线程，耗时 1,199ms 速度 66,722,268 ops
///
/// 测试 320,000,000 项， 32 线程
/// 赋值 320,000,000 项， 32 线程，耗时 13,857ms 速度 23,093,021 ops
/// 读取 320,000,000 项， 32 线程，耗时 1,950ms 速度 164,102,564 ops
/// 删除 320,000,000 项， 32 线程，耗时 3,359ms 速度 95,266,448 ops
///
/// 测试 320,000,000 项， 64 线程
/// 赋值 320,000,000 项， 64 线程，耗时 9,648ms 速度 33,167,495 ops
/// 读取 320,000,000 项， 64 线程，耗时 1,974ms 速度 162,107,396 ops
/// 删除 320,000,000 项， 64 线程，耗时 1,907ms 速度 167,802,831 ops
///
/// 测试 320,000,000 项，256 线程
/// 赋值 320,000,000 项，256 线程，耗时 12,429ms 速度 25,746,238 ops
/// 读取 320,000,000 项，256 线程，耗时 1,907ms 速度 167,802,831 ops
/// 删除 320,000,000 项，256 线程，耗时 2,350ms 速度 136,170,212 ops
/// </remarks>
public virtual void Bench(Boolean rand = false, Int32 batch = 0)
{
var cpu = Environment.ProcessorCount;
XTrace.WriteLine($"{Name}性能测试[{(rand ? "随机" : "顺序")}]，批大小[{batch}]，逻辑处理器 {cpu:n0} 个");
var times = 10_000;
// 单线程
BenchOne(times, 1, rand, batch);
// 多线程
if (cpu != 2) BenchOne(times * 2, 2, rand, batch);
if (cpu != 4) BenchOne(times * 4, 4, rand, batch);
if (cpu != 8) BenchOne(times * 8, 8, rand, batch);
// CPU个数
BenchOne(times * cpu, cpu, rand, batch);
//// 1.5倍
//var cpu2 = cpu * 3 / 2;
//if (!(new[] { 2, 4, 8, 64, 256 }).Contains(cpu2)) BenchOne(times * cpu2, cpu2, rand);
// 最大
if (cpu < 64) BenchOne(times * cpu, 64, rand, batch);
//if (cpu * 8 >= 256) BenchOne(times * cpu, cpu * 8, rand);
}
/// <summary>使用指定线程测试指定次数</summary>
/// <param name="times">次数</param>
/// <param name="threads">线程</param>
/// <param name="rand">随机读写</param>
/// <param name="batch">批量操作</param>
public virtual void BenchOne(Int64 times, Int32 threads, Boolean rand, Int32 batch)
{
if (threads <= 0) threads = Environment.ProcessorCount;
if (times <= 0) times = threads * 1_000;
XTrace.WriteLine("");
XTrace.WriteLine($"测试 {times:n0} 项，{threads,3:n0} 线程");
var key = "Bench_";
Set(key, Rand.NextString(32));
var v = Get<String>(key);
Remove(key);
// 赋值测试
BenchSet(key, times, threads, rand, batch);
// 读取测试
BenchGet(key, times, threads, rand, batch);
// 删除测试
BenchRemove(key, times, threads, rand);
// 累加测试
BenchInc(key, times, threads, rand, batch);
}
/// <summary>读取测试</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="times">次数</param>
/// <param name="threads">线程</param>
/// <param name="rand">随机读写</param>
/// <param name="batch">批量操作</param>
protected virtual void BenchGet(String key, Int64 times, Int32 threads, Boolean rand, Int32 batch)
{
var v = Get<String>(key);
var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
if (rand)
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
if (batch == 0)
{
for (var i = k; i < times; i += threads)
{
var val = Get<String>(key + i);
}
}
else
{
var n = 0;
var keys = new String[batch];
for (var i = k; i < times; i += threads)
{
keys[n++] = key + i;
if (n >= batch)
{
var vals = GetAll<String>(keys);
n = 0;
}
}
if (n > 0)
{
var vals = GetAll<String>(keys.Take(n));
}
}
});
}
else
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
var mykey = key + k;
var count = times / threads;
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
var val = Get<String>(mykey);
}
});
}
sw.Stop();
var speed = times * 1000 / sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
XTrace.WriteLine($"读取 {times:n0} 项，{threads,3:n0} 线程，耗时 {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds,7:n0}ms 速度 {speed,9:n0} ops");
}
/// <summary>赋值测试</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="times">次数</param>
/// <param name="threads">线程</param>
/// <param name="rand">随机读写</param>
/// <param name="batch">批量操作</param>
protected virtual void BenchSet(String key, Int64 times, Int32 threads, Boolean rand, Int32 batch)
{
//Set(key, Rand.NextBytes(32));
var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
if (rand)
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
var val = Rand.NextString(8);
if (batch == 0)
{
for (var i = k; i < times; i += threads)
{
Set(key + i, val);
}
}
else
{
var n = 0;
var dic = new Dictionary<String, String>();
for (var i = k; i < times; i += threads)
{
dic[key + i] = val;
n++;
if (n >= batch)
{
SetAll(dic);
dic.Clear();
n = 0;
}
}
if (n > 0)
{
SetAll(dic);
}
}
// 提交变更
Commit();
});
}
else
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
var mykey = key + k;
var val = Rand.NextString(8);
var count = times / threads;
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Set(mykey, val);
}
// 提交变更
Commit();
});
}
sw.Stop();
var speed = times * 1000 / sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
XTrace.WriteLine($"赋值 {times:n0} 项，{threads,3:n0} 线程，耗时 {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds,7:n0}ms 速度 {speed,9:n0} ops");
}
/// <summary>累加测试</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="times">次数</param>
/// <param name="threads">线程</param>
/// <param name="rand">随机读写</param>
/// <param name="batch">批量操作</param>
protected virtual void BenchInc(String key, Int64 times, Int32 threads, Boolean rand, Int32 batch)
{
var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
if (rand)
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
var val = Rand.Next(100);
for (var i = k; i < times; i += threads)
{
Increment(key + i, val);
}
// 提交变更
Commit();
});
}
else
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
var mykey = key + k;
var val = Rand.Next(100);
var count = times / threads;
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Increment(mykey, val);
}
// 提交变更
Commit();
});
}
sw.Stop();
var speed = times * 1000 / sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
XTrace.WriteLine($"累加 {times:n0} 项，{threads,3:n0} 线程，耗时 {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds,7:n0}ms 速度 {speed,9:n0} ops");
}
/// <summary>删除测试</summary>
/// <param name="key">键</param>
/// <param name="times">次数</param>
/// <param name="threads">线程</param>
/// <param name="rand">随机读写</param>
protected virtual void BenchRemove(String key, Int64 times, Int32 threads, Boolean rand)
{
Remove(key);
var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
if (rand)
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
for (var i = k; i < times; i += threads)
{
Remove(key + i);
}
// 提交变更
Commit();
});
}
else
{
Parallel.For(0, threads, k =>
{
var mykey = key + k;
var count = times / threads;
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Remove(mykey);
}
// 提交变更
Commit();
});
}
sw.Stop();
var speed = times * 1000 / sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
XTrace.WriteLine($"删除 {times:n0} 项，{threads,3:n0} 线程，耗时 {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds,7:n0}ms 速度 {speed,9:n0} ops");
}
#endregion
#region 辅助
/// <summary>已重载。</summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public override String ToString() => Name;
#endregion
}
}
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